Jaipal Singh, an Adibasi, stated that tribes were not a numerical minority but they needed protection.These include tribal people and poor villagers who are exploited by moneylenders, zamindars, malguzar, and other people. He emphasized that the real minorities were the poor and the downtrodden i.e., the masses of this country. Ranga, a socialist who had been a leader of the peasant movement, stated that the term minorities be interpreted in economic terms. How was the term minority defined by different groups?Īns: The minority was defined by different groups in the following ways : India would work for peace and human welfare.Ģ.No imposition from the British would be acceptable to the people of India. India would adopt that form of government that would be acceptable to its people.It was made an objective that India would combine the liberal ideas of democracy with the socialist idea of economic justice.It also referred to the well-being of the backward and depressed classes. Adequate safeguards were provided to minorities.Justice, equality, and fraternity were assured to all the citizens of India.India was declared an independent sovereign republic.It gave a brief account of the ideals and objectives of the Constitution. What were the ideals expressed in the Objectives Resolution?Īns: Jawahar Lai Nehru presented the Objectives Resolution in the Constituent Assembly on 13 December 1946. NCERT Solutions Class 12 History Chapter 15 Framing Constitution Beginning New Eraġ. In effect, therefore, 82 percent of the members of the Constituent Assembly were also members of Congress. The Socialists too were initially unwilling to join, for they believed the Constituent Assembly was a creation of the British, and therefore incapable of being truly autonomous. The Congress swept the general seats in the provincial elections, and the Muslim League captured most of the reserved Muslim seats.īut the League chose to boycott the Constituent Assembly, pressing its demand for Pakistan with a separate constitution. The Constituent Assembly that came into being was dominated by one party: the Congress. The Provincial legislature then chose the representatives to the Constituent Assembly.
In the winter of 1945-46 provincial elections were held in India.
The members of the Constituent Assembly were not elected on the basis of universal franchise. When the British left India, the constitutional status of these princes remained ambiguous.Īs one contemporary observer remarked, some maharajas now began “to luxuriate in wild dreams of independent power in an India of many partitions”
The constitution pdf free#
Many perished before they reached their destination.Īnother, and scarcely less serious, problem faced by the new nation was that of the princely states.ĭuring the period of the Raj, approximately one-third of the area of the subcontinent was under the control of nawabs and maharajas who owed allegiance to the British Crown, but were otherwise left mostly free to rule – or misrule – their territory as they wished. Millions of refugees were on the move, Muslims into East and West Pakistan, Hindus and Sikhs into West Bengal, and the eastern half of Punjab. On Independence Day, 15 August 1947, there was an outburst of joy and hope, unforgettable for those who lived through that time.īut innumerable Muslims in India, and Hindus and Sikhs in Pakistan, were now faced with a cruel choice – the threat of sudden death or the squeezing of opportunities on the one side, and a forcible tearing away from their age-old roots on the other. The violence culminated in the massacres that accompanied the transfer of populations when the Partition of India was announced.
0 kommentar(er)
